Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine  the expression of NF-kB mediated inflammatory cytokines and mitochondrial dysfunction  under hyperglycemic conditions and the relevance of glutamine and insulin. ,in modulating the effects

Materials and methods: In our study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were subjected to hyperglycemia and the effect of glutamine on the mitochondrial function and the production of inflammatory cytokines were determined using florescence analysis and multiple cytotoxicity assay

Results: our results demonstrate that glutamine maintains the integrity of the mitochondria, by reducing the cell permeability, increasing the mitochondrial potential and reducing the release of cytochromr c  into the cytosol from the mitachondria .Our data further  suggest that glutamine alone or in combination with insulin can modulate the production of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10, MCP-1, and   MIF which are both inflammatory and proinflammatory and maintain the balance under the oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia

Conclusion: Our data suggest that glutamine alone or in combination with insulin can modulate the production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine and maintain the balance under hyperglycemic conditions, producing a cytoprotective effect.  At the same time our data support that glutamine maintains the integrity of the mitochondria, whose dysfunction in the hyperglycemic endothelial cells, may reflect the degree of systemic effect during the development of diabetes